目的 了解非吸烟肺癌患者的污名化体验，为制订针对性的心理支持方案，推动公众疾病认知去污名化提供依据。方法 采用描述性质性研究方法，通过目的抽样法，于2024年10月至2025年6月在郑州市某三级甲等医院对17名非吸烟肺癌患者进行半结构访谈，采用Colaizzi 7步分析法归纳并提炼主题。结果 非吸烟肺癌患者的污名化体验可归纳为3个主题、9个亚主题，即：污名化来源的多样性（被医务人员怀疑抽烟、被家人猜疑病因、社会互动中被边缘化）；污名化心理困扰的多样性（归因困扰、宿命感、社交退缩与自我封闭）；污名化应对的多样性（抗争性叙事、消极回避、重建人际关系）。结论 非吸烟肺癌患者污名体验来源广，易致心理内化。医护人员应追根溯源，引导公众正确认知疾病，通过医社协同构建包容环境，阻断污名链条，促进患者心理健康与积极就医。

Objective To understand the stigma experience of non-smoking patients with lung cancer,and to provide a basis for formulating targeted psychological support programs and promoting destigmatization of public disease perception.Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted.From October 2024 to June 2025,the purposive sampling method was used to recruit 17 non-smoking patients with lung cancer from a tertiary A hospital in Zhengzhou city for semi-structured interviews.The Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis method was adopted to summarize and extract themes.Results The stigma experience of non-smoking patients with lung cancer could be summarized into 3 themes and 9 sub-themes:diversity of stigma sources (being suspected of smoking by medical staff,being suspected of the cause of disease by family members,and being marginalized in social interactions);diversity of psychological distress caused by stigma (attribution distress,sense of fatalism,social withdrawal and self-isolation);diversity of stigma coping strategies (narrative resistance,passive avoidance,and reconstruction of interpersonal relationships).Conclusions Non-smoking patients with lung cancer have a wide range of sources of stigma experience, which easily leads to internalization of psychological distress.Medical staff should trace the root causes,guide the public to correctly understand the disease,build an inclusive environment through medical-social collaboration,block the stigma chain,and to promote patients’ mental health and active medical treatment.

R473.73

河南省医学科技攻关计划省部共建重点项目(SBGJ202402014)