目的 分析妊娠期高血压患者疾病知识水平的潜在类别及其与自我管理能力的关系，为制订针对性干预措施提供依据。方法 2023年4—11月，便利抽样法选取广东省某三级甲等医院产科门诊415例妊娠期高血压患者为研究对象，使用妊娠期高血压疾病知识水平问卷和高血压自我管理量表进行调查，并进行潜在剖面分析。收集患者一般资料，行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 患者的疾病知识水平可分为知识缺乏-健康风险型（13.01%）、知识均衡-转化不足型（32.53%）、知识充足-高自我管理型（54.46%）3种剖面，不同剖面在学历、职业、并发症及自我管理能力上差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）；疾病不良影响的风险感知是驱动自我管理行为的关键因素。结论 妊娠期高血压患者的疾病知识水平具有异质性，不同类别患者的自我管理能力差异显著，应实施针对性的健康干预。

Objective To analyze the latent classes of disease knowledge level among patients with gestational hypertension (GH) and its relationship with self-management ability,so as to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention measures.Methods From April to November 2023,a total of 415 patients with GH from the Obstetric Outpatient Department of a tertiary A hospital in Guangdong Province were selected by the convenience sampling method.The investigation was conducted using the Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy Knowledge Questionnaire and the Hypertension Self-Management Scale,followed by latent profile analysis.General data of the patients were collected,and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed.Results The patients’ disease knowledge level could be categorized into 3 profiles: Lack of Knowledge-High Health Risk Type (13.01%),Balanced Knowledge-Insufficient Application Type (32.53%),and Sufficient Knowledge-High Self-management Type (54.46%).There were statistically significant differences in educational attainment, occupation, complications and self-management ability among different sections (all P＜0.05).Risk perception of the adverse effects of the disease was a key factor driving self-management behaviors.Conclusions The disease knowledge level of patients with GH is heterogeneous,and there are significant differences in self-management ability among different classes.Targeted health interventions should be implemented accordingly.

2023年广东省教育厅研究生教育创新计划项目（2023ANLK_018）