目的 构建基于质量功能展开（quality function deployment，QFD）法的血液肿瘤患者化疗相关性恶心呕吐（chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting，CINV）干预方案，并探讨其应用效果，为制订循证分级干预策略提供参考。方法 2023年1月至2025年2月，采用便利抽样法选取某医院收治的血液肿瘤化疗患者240例为研究对象，按照入院先后，将2023年1-12月收治的120例患者作为对照组，给予常规CINV管理；2024年2月至2025年2月收治的120例患者作为观察组，接受基于QFD法的CINV干预方案。比较观察组与对照组的CINV发生率、CINV相关知识知晓率及患者满意度评分。结果 观察组急性CINV、延迟性CINV及爆发性CINV的发生率分别为5.83%、13.33%和10.00%，低于对照组的18.33%、40.00%和36.67%，差异均有统计学意义（均 P ＜0.05）；观察组患者满意度评分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0.05）。两组患者CINV相关知识知晓率的差异无统计学意义（ P ＞0.05）。结论 基于QFD法的CINV干预方案可有效降低血液肿瘤患者CINV发生率，提升患者满意度，为临床管理提供了新思路。

Objective To construct a chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) intervention system for patients with hematological malignancies based on the quality function deployment (QFD),and to evaluate its application effects.Methods From January 2023 to February 2025,a total of 240 hematological malignancy patients undergoing chemotherapy were selected by convenience sampling and divided into two groups chronologically: the control group ( n =120,admitted from January to December 2023) received routine CINV management,while the observation group ( n =120,admitted from February 2024 to February 2025) received interventions based on the QFD.The incidence of CINV,health education awareness rate,and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence rates of acute CINV,delayed CINV,and breakthrough CINV in the observation group were 5.83%,13.33%,and 10.00%,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control group (18.33%,40.00%,and 36.67%，all P ＜0.05).The patient satisfaction score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P ＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the health education awareness rate between the two groups ( P ＞0.05). Conclusions The CINV Intervention based on QFD can effectively reduce the incidence of CINV and improve patient satisfaction in hematological malignancy patients.

R473.55；R823

陕西省重点研发项目（2021SF-281）