目的 分析社区老年人吞咽障碍纵向研究现状，明确其影响因素与动态变化规律，为后续研究提供参考。方法 基于Arksey & O’Malley范围综述框架，检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase等10个中英文数据库中有关社区老年人吞咽障碍的纵向研究，检索时限为各数据库建库至2024年10月10日。2名研究者独立筛选文献/提取数据，并采用关键质量评估技能项目 (critical appraisal skills programme,CASP)进行质量评价。结果 共纳入9篇文献，涵盖4个国家；研究对象涵盖了社区中长期需要居家护理的老年人、有自理能力的老年人等；内容包括社区老年人吞咽障碍症状变化、吞咽问题的关联因素等。结论 社区老年人吞咽障碍纵向研究存在总量不足、方法不同且单一、覆盖面有限等问题，建议结合社会经济背景、认知情况等深入开展社区老年人吞咽障碍的纵向研究，为临床治疗与护理提供更为坚实的科学依据。

Objective To analyze the status quo of longitudinal research on dysphagia in the elderly in community,to clarify its influencing factors and dynamic trajectories,and thereby to provide a reference for future studies.Methods Following the Arksey & O’Malley framework for scoping reviews,10 Chinese and English databases including PubMed,Web of Science and Embase etc.were searched from inception to 10 October 2024 for longitudinal research on dysphagia in the elderly in community.Two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted the data and conducted the quality assessment using the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP).Results A total of 9 studies from 4 countries were included.Participants ranged from chronically home-care-dependent elders to independent elder adults.Reported findings covered temporal changes in swallowing symptoms and factors associated with swallowing problems.Conclusions The longitudinal research on dysphagia in the elderly in community has some problems such as insufficient sample size,inconsistent and single methods,and limited coverage.It is suggested to conduct in-depth longitudinal studies could involve such factors as socio-economic background and cognitive status,in order to provide more solid scientific basis for clinical treatment and care.

R47-05；R473.59

国家卫生健康委员会科研基金/浙江省卫生健康重大科技计划重点项目（WKJ-ZJ-2433）