目的 探讨乳腺癌患者心理灵活性的潜在剖面及与负性情绪的关系，为制订针对性干预方案提供参考依据。方法 2023年4-12月，采用便利抽样法选取广州市两所三级甲等医院的乳腺癌患者313例为研究对象。采用认知情绪调节简短问卷、接纳与行动问卷第2版及医院焦虑抑郁量表等对其进行调查，通过描述性分析、潜在剖面分析、单因素和多因素回归分析、贝叶斯因子分析以及限制性立方样条回归进行统计学处理。结果 乳腺癌患者认知情绪调节问卷中适应性和不适应性认知情绪调节策略平均得分分别为 35(30,40)分和18(14,22)分,接纳与行动问卷第2版平均得分为21(13,28)分，医院焦虑抑郁量表中焦虑和抑郁的平均得分分别为5(2,8)分和2(1,5)分。心理灵活性可分为“高灵活性”“中灵活性”和“低灵活性”3种剖面，不同剖面在家庭人均月收入、合并症和认知情绪调节策略上差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。心理灵活性越高的类别负性情绪越少。心理灵活性与焦虑呈线性关系(P=0.382)，与抑郁呈非线性关系(P=0.001)。结论 乳腺癌患者心理灵活性存在异质性，医护人员应依据不同剖面特征及影响因素制订针对性心理干预，以缓解患者负性情绪。

Objective To explore the latent profile of psychological flexibility (PF) in breast cancer patients and its relationship with negative emotions，and to provide a reference for targeted interventions.Methods From April to December 2023，313 breast cancer patients were recruited from two tertiary A hospitals in Guangzhou by the convenience sampling method.Questionnaires were administered，including cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-short，acceptance and action questionnaire-Ⅱ，and hospital anxiety and depression scale.Statistical processing included descriptive analysis，latent profile analysis，univariate and multivariate regression analysis，bayesian factor analysis，and restricted cubic spline regression.Results The average scores of adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-short and PF in the acceptance and action questionnaire-Ⅱ，and anxiety and depression in the hospital anxiety and depression scale were 35(30,40) points and 18(14,22) points，21(13,28) points and 5(2,8) points and 2(1,5) points respectively.Breast cancer patients’ PF could be categorized into three potential profiles：high，medium，and low flexibility.There were statistically significant differences among different profiles regarding monthly household income per capita，comorbidities，and cognitive emotion regulation strategies (all P＜0.05).The category characterized by higher PF exhibited fewer negative emotions.PF showed a linear relationship with anxiety (P=0.382) and a non-linear relationship with depression (P=0.001).Conclusions There is heterogeneity in the PF of breast cancer patients.Healthcare professionals should develop targeted psychological interventions based on the characteristics of different types of PF and influencing factors to reduce patients’ negative emotions.

R473.73；R471

广东省普通高校特色创新类项目(2023WTSCX014)；广东省教育科学规划课题（高等教育专项）(2023GXJK095)；广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划共建课题(2022GZGJ183)