目的 探讨抗逆力在精神专科医院护士主动性人格与工作敬业度间的中介作用，为优化精神专科医院护理人力资源管理实践提供参考。方法 2024年7-9月，采用便利抽样法选取河南省某三级甲等精神卫生专科医院的383名护士为研究对象，采用抗逆力量表、主动性人格量表、工作敬业度量表和个人-组织匹配量表对其进行调查。结果 精神专科医院护士抗逆力、主动性人格、工作敬业度与个人-组织匹配总分分别为（37.75±5.21）、（63.99±9.76）、（37.62±5.83）、（36.54±6.25）分；各变量间均呈两两正相关（均P＜0.001）；抗逆力在主动性人格与工作敬业度间起部分中介作用，效应占比为71.07%；个人-组织匹配正向调节了主动性人格与抗逆力的关系（P＜0.001）。结论 主动性人格可通过抗逆力影响精神专科医院护士的工作敬业度，且个人-组织匹配对该作用路径存在调节作用；护理管理者可通过培养精神专科医院护士的主动性人格、抗逆力及个人-组织匹配，提升其工作敬业度。

Objective To explore the mediating role of resilience between proactive personality and work engagement in nurses of psychiatric specialty hospitals,providing references for optimizing nursing human resource management practices.Methods From July to September 2024,383 nurses from a tertiary A psychiatric specialty hospital in Henan Province were conveniently sampled and surveyed using Resilience Scale,Proactive Personality Scale,Work Engagement Scale,and Person-Organization Fit Scale.Results The total scores of nurses’ resilience,proactive personality,work engagement,and person-organization fit were (37.75±5.21),(63.99±9.76),(37.62±5.83),and (36.54±6.25),respectively.All variables showed pairwise positive correlations (all P＜0.001).Resilience partially mediated the relationship between nurses' proactive personality and work engagement,accounting for 71.07% of the total effect.Person-organization fit positively moderated the relationship between proactive personality and resilience (P＜0.001).Conclusions The proactive personality of nurses can affect their work engagement through resilience,and person-organization fit moderates this pathway.Nursing managers can enhance the work engagement of nurses in psychiatric hospitals by cultivating proactive personality,resilience,and person-organization fit.

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河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目（2024-ZZJH-301）；[JP+2]教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金（22YJAZH043）