目的 了解新生儿重症监护室（neonatal intensive care unit,NICU）早产儿住院期间其父亲支持母乳喂养的真实体验，为临床制订相关策略提供依据。方法 2022年10-12月，采用目的抽样法选取上海市某儿童专科医院的16名NICU早产儿父亲为研究对象，基于父亲支持母乳喂养概念要素构建访谈提纲开展半结构访谈，运用Colaizzi 7步法分析资料。结果 NICU早产儿父亲支持母乳喂养的真实体验可归纳为5个主题：知识——有限的碎片化认知；态度——情感-认知-行为的积极共鸣；决策——重重阻碍下的责任担当；实际支持——复杂流程中的多元配合；情感支持——直接关怀与间接缓冲。结论 NICU护理团队应联合多学科和部门，为早产儿父亲提供早期系统的健康教育，构建医院-家庭-社会支持体系，并对该人群开展心理评估和干预，为其更好地发挥母乳喂养的支持作用提供保障。

Objective To explore fathers’ authentic experiences in supporting breastfeeding for preterm infants during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization,providing evidence for developing clinical strategies.Methods From October to December 2022,16 fathers of preterm infants in a Shanghai children’s hospital were purposively sampled.Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a framework based on the concept of fathers’ breastfeeding support.Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s 7-step method.Results Five key themes were identified:knowledge-limited fragmented cognition;attitude-positive resonance across emotion-cognition-behavioral dimensions;decision making-responsibility assumed amidst multiple barriers;practical support-multifaceted coordination within complex processes;emotional support-direct care and indirect buffering.Conclusions The NICU nursing team should collaborate with multiple disciplines and departments to provide systematic health education for fathers of preterm infants in the early stage,establish a hospital-family-social support system,and conduct psychological assessment and intervention for this population to better support breastfeeding.

R473.72

上海交通大学护理学院本科毕业设计基金（HLBKBSJJ22-03）