目的 探究老年夫妇认知功能与抑郁症状的双向关联，为家庭健康管理提供依据。方法 基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查的1386对老年夫妇数据，采用主客体互倚模型（actor-partner interdependence model，APIM）进行分析。结果 1386对老年夫妇，丈夫的认知功能评分为（17.24±4.08）分，高于妻子评分[（15.62±4.53）分]；丈夫的抑郁症状评分为（7.21±5.83）分，低于妻子评分[（9.87±6.56）分]，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.001）。抑郁症状的总检出率为32.03%，妻子抑郁症状的检出率高于丈夫（40.69% vs. 23.38%），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001)。APIM分析显示，丈夫和妻子的认知功能可以负向预测自身的抑郁症状，且双方的抑郁症状亦可负向预测自身的认知功能（均P＜0.05）；妻子和丈夫的认知功能能负向预测其配偶的抑郁症状（均P＜0.05），但仅妻子的抑郁症状能负向预测丈夫的认知功能（P＜0.05）。结论 老年夫妇认知功能与抑郁症状存在双向关联，需整体评估并构建夫妻协同干预策略，从而提升双方认知和心理健康。

Objective To explore the bidirectional relationship between cognitive function and depressive symptoms in elderly couples and provide evidence for family health management. Methods With data from 1,386 elderly couples in the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS),the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was employed for analysis.Results Among the couples,husbands had higher cognitive function scores (17.24±4.08) compared to wives (15.62±4.53),while husbands exhibited lower depressive symptom scores (7.21±5.83) than wives (9.87±6.56),with statistically significant differences (all P＜0.001).The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 32.03%,with wives showing a significantly higher prevalence than husbands (40.69% vs. 23.38%,P＜0.001).APIM analysis revealed that both husbands’ and wives’ cognitive function negatively predicted their own depressive symptoms,and vice versa (all P＜0.05).Additionally,both spouses’ cognitive function negatively predicted their partner’s depressive symptoms (all P＜0.05),but only wives’ depressive symptoms negatively predicted husbands’ cognitive function (P＜0.05).Conclusions A bidirectional relationship exists between cognitive function and depressive symptoms in elderly couples.Comprehensive assessment and dyadic intervention strategies are needed to improve both cognitive and mental health outcomes.

R473.74

甘肃省自然科学基金项目（24JRRA594）；中国医药教育协会重大项目（2024KTZ012）