目的 探讨记忆抱怨主诉老年人抑郁症状的潜在类别及影响因素。方法 2023年8月至2024年8月，采用多阶段分层抽样法，选取福州市435名社区记忆抱怨主诉老年人为研究对象，使用一般资料调查表、简版老年抑郁量表、蒙特利尔认知评估量表、老年痴呆患者生活质量量表对其进行调查。通过潜在剖面分析对抑郁症状进行分型，并运用Logistic回归分析识别潜在剖面的影响因素。结果 记忆抱怨主诉老年人的抑郁症状可分为3类：轻度情绪失调—功能轻度受损型（66.2%）、中度抑郁情绪—社会功能减退型（22.1%）、重度情感淡漠—广泛功能损害型（11.7%）。其主要影响因素包括年龄和认知功能（均P＜0.05）。结论 记忆抱怨主诉老年人的抑郁症状存在异质性，应重点关注低龄、低认知水平的“重度情感淡漠—广泛功能损害型”老年人群，制订并实施个体化干预策略，以改善其认知功能和情绪状态。

Objective To identify latent categories of depressive symptoms and their influencing factors among older adults with subjective memory complaints(SMC).Methods A multi-stage cluster sampling method was employed to recruit 435 older adults with SMC from communities in Fuzhou between August 2023 and August 2024.Data collection involved the general information questionnaire,the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale,the Montreal Cognitive Assessment,and the Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease scale.Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify the depressive symptom profiles,and logistic regression analysis was used to determine their influencing factors.Results Three latent profiles of depressive symptoms were categorized into three types:mild mood disturbance with slight functional impairment(66.2%),moderate depressive mood with social dysfunction(22.1%),and severe affective blunting with widespread functional impairment(11.7%).Age and cognitive function were significant influencing factors(all P<0.05).Conclusions Depressive symptoms among older adults with SMC are heterogeneous.Particular attention should be directed toward the subgroup characterized by severe affective blunting with widespread functional impairment,especially younger individuals with lower cognitive function.Tailored intervention strategies should be implemented to improve their cognitive function and emotional well-being.

R473.74

国家自然科学基金资助项目（72104050）