目的 探讨由重症专科护士主导的重症监护室（intensive care unit,ICU）后随访方法对非计划重返ICU患者的影响，为临床开展非计划重返患者干预提供借鉴。 方法 便利抽样法选取2023年2月至2024年3月在郑州市某三级甲等医院ICU接受治疗的2009例患者，按入院先后顺序分为对照组和观察组。对照组1047例，采用常规随访护理；观察组962例，实施由重症专科护士主导的ICU后随访方法。比较两组在非计划重返ICU发生率、患者家属决策后悔程度及ICU护理人员专业知识能力方面的干预效果。 结果 干预后，观察组非计划重返ICU发生率和家属决策后悔程度均低于对照组（均 P ＜0.05），ICU护理人员核心能力高于对照组（ P ＜0.05）。 结论 重症专科护士主导的ICU后随访能有效降低重症患者非计划重返ICU发生率，减轻家属决策后悔程度，并提升ICU护理人员专业知识水平，为未来开展大样本多中心研究提供参考。

Objective To explore the effect of intensive care nurse-led post-ICU follow-up on patients with unplanned return to ICU,providing reference for clinical interventions targeting patients with unplanned readmissions.Methods A total of 2009 patients who were treated in the ICU of a tertiary A hospital in Zhengzhou City,from February 2023 to March 2024 were selected as subjects by convenience sampling.According to the order of admission time,1047 patients were used as the control group,and routine follow-up nursing was used.And 962 patients were used as the observation group,using a post-ICU follow-up method led by intensive care specialist nurses.The incidence of unplanned return to ICU,the degree of regret of family decision-making,and the professional knowledge and ability of ICU nurses were compared between the two groups after intervention.Results After intervention,the incidence of unplanned return to ICU and the degree of family decision-making regret in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (allP ＜0.05).The core competence of nurses in the ICU was higher than that in the control group ( P ＜0.05 ).Conclusions The post-ICU follow-up intervention method led by intensive care specialist nurses can effectively reduce the incidence of unplanned return to ICU in critically ill patients,reduce the degree of family decision-making regret,and improve the level of professional knowledge and ability of ICU nurses,providing guidance for future large-sample multi-center experimental research.

R473

2024年度郑州市医疗卫生领域科技创新指导计划项目（2024YLZDJH267）