目的 探讨膀胱癌腹壁造口患者自我管理积极度的潜在类别及其影响因素。方法 2022年10月至2024年2月，采用便利抽样法选取在太原市某三级甲等医院造口护理专科门诊就诊的152例膀胱癌腹壁造口患者为调查对象，使用一般资料调查表、患者积极度量表、疾病接受度量表、癌症自我管理效能感量表对其进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析探索造口患者自我管理积极度潜在类别，采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析识别其潜在剖面影响因素。结果 膀胱癌腹壁造口患者自我管理积极度可分为3个潜在类别：自主管理型（13.82%）、相对自主型（44.07%）、被动管理型（42.11%），其影响因素包括年龄、受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、术后时间、疾病接受度、自我效能感等（均 P＜0.05）。结论 膀胱癌腹壁造口患者自我管理积极度存在明显分类特征，建议护理人员根据患者的异质性实施个性化护理措施。

Objective To explore the potential categories of self-management activation of bladder cancer patients with abdominal stoma, and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 152 bladder cancer patients with abdominal wall stoma in a tertiary A hospital in Taiyuan from October 2022 to February 2024 as the research objects. The general information questionnaire, patient activation measure, acceptance of illness scale and strategies used by people to promote health were used for investigation.Latent profile analysis was used to explore the potential categories of self-management activation of patients with stoma,and univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the influencing factors of potential profile.Results The self-management activation of bladder cancer patients with abdominal stoma could be divided into three potential categories:self-management type(13.82%),relatively self-management type(44.07%) and passive management type(42.11%).The influencing factors included age,education level,family per capita monthly income,postoperative time, acceptance of illness and self-efficacy,etc (all P＜0.05).Conclusions There are obvious classification characteristics of self-management activation of bladder cancer patients with abdominal stoma.It is suggested that nursing staff should carry out personalized nursing measures according to the heterogeneity of patients.

R473.73

山西医科大学第一医院青年基金项目(YQ2216)