目的 探究手术室护士参与围术期抗菌药物预防性应用的实践体验和观点，为制订针对性干预措施以及质量改进管理提供参考。方法 2022年10月至2023年5月，采用目的抽样结合滚雪球抽样法选择山西省5所三级甲等综合性医院的手术室护士20名为研究对象，采用描述性质性研究方法对其进行半结构式访谈，运用Colaizzi 7步分析法分析资料。结果 共确定了参与态度——个体认知、情感与知识因素，主观规范——组织环境因素，知觉行为控制——个人感知因素等3个主题和11个亚主题。结论 手术室护士参与围术期抗菌药物的预防性应用实践受限于认知态度、知识水平、组织环境和自我效能，受益于责任心和求知欲。未来需加强政策支持，注重能力培养，促进手术室护士在围术期预防性应用抗菌药物，并遏制多重耐药性等长远效应。

Objective To explore the practical experiences and viewpoints of operating room nurses’ participation in perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis (PAP),and to provide reference for formulating targeted intervention measures and quality improvement management.Methods From October 2022 to May 2023,20 operating room nurses from 5 tertiary A general hospitals in Shanxi Province were selected by the method of objective sampling combined with snowball sampling.Semi-structured interviews were conducted by the descriptive qualitative method,and the data were analyzed by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results Three themes and 11 sub-themes were identified, including attitudes(individual cognitive,affective and knowledge factors),subjective norms(organizational contextual factors),and perceived behavioral control(personal perception factors).Conclusions Operating room nurses’ participation in PAP is limited by cognitive attitudes,knowledge level,organizational environment and self-efficacy, and benefits from accountability and curiosity.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen policy support and develop capacity training to promote the long-term effect of operating room nurses in optimizing the PAP usage and curbing multi-drug resistance.

R47-05

山西省研究生教育创新项目（2021Y371）