目的 探讨不同持续时间的俯卧位通气对早产儿呼吸功能的影响，为临床实践提供指导。方法 2020年12月至2021年12月，采用便利抽样法选取西安某三级甲等医院新生儿重症监护室住院的早产儿89例为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为A组（n=30）、B组（n=30）和C组（n=29）。A组早产儿采取仰卧位通气，B组早产儿采取俯卧位通气，每次持续时间为1 h，C组早产儿每次俯卧位持续时间为2 h。分别记录3组早产儿无创机械通气时间、氧疗时间、撤机成功率、动脉血气指标及相关并发症发生率及不良反应。结果 B、C组早产儿无创机械通气时间和氧疗时间均低于A组，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。C组早产儿撤机成功率、支气管肺发育不良发生率均低于A组，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.017）。入组2 d及3 d，C组动脉血气各项指标均优于A组，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.017）；各项指标数值的干预主效应均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论 早产儿在无创机械通气期间间断采取俯卧位可以改善肺氧合功能，且持续时间为2 h效果更佳。

Objective To explore the effects of different duration of prone position ventilation on respiratory function in premature infants,and to provide reference for clinical practice.Methods From December 2020 to December 2021,89 premature infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in a tertiary A hospital in Xi’an were selected by the convenience sampling method.They were divided into group A(n=30),group B (n=30) and group C (n=29) by random number table method.Group A was ventilated in the supine position,while group B and C were ventilated in the prone position for 1 hour and 2 hours each time respectively.The duration of non-invasive mechanical ventilation,oxygen therapy time,weaning success rate,arterial blood gas index,incidences of related complications and adverse reactions were recorded in 3 groups respectively.Results The duration of non-invasive mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy in group B and C were lower than those in group A,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The success rate of weaning and the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in group C were lower than those in group A,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.017).After 2 and 3 days,the arterial blood gas indexes of group C were better than those of group A,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.017).The main effects of intervention on the values of each index were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).Conclusion In premature infants,intermittent prone position during non-invasive mechanical ventilation can improve pulmonary oxygenation function,and the duration of 2 h is more effective.

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