目的 了解社区老年脑卒中患者跌倒风险感知状况，并分析其影响因素，为激发患者自我预防意识、降低跌倒发生率提供参考。方法 2023年5-8月，采用便利抽样法选取山西省汾阳市3个社区的老年脑卒中患者228例为研究对象，采用社区老年人跌倒风险感知量表、D型人格量表(type D personality scale-14，DS14)、家庭关怀度量表（family APGAR index,APGAR）等对其进行调查。结果 社区老年脑卒中患者跌倒风险感知总分、DS14总分、APGAR总分分别为（40.31±8.99）分、（20.99±7.01）分和（4.91±1.50）分。不同文化程度、慢性病数量以及有无跌倒史的社区老年脑卒中患者，其跌倒风险感知得分差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.001）。跌倒风险感知总分与DS14 总分呈负相关（r=-0.724，P＜0.01），与APGAR总分呈正相关（r=0.782，P＜0.01）。DS14 总分、APGAR总分、跌倒史和慢性病数量是社区老年脑卒中患者跌倒风险感知的主要影响因素（均P＜0.05）。 结论 社区老年脑卒中患者跌倒风险感知呈中等偏下水平，社区卫生保健人员应重点关注存在D型人格、家庭关怀度低、有跌倒史、合并慢性病数量多的患者，采取针对性措施，降低跌倒发生率。

Objective To explore the status quo of fall risk perception among elderly stroke patients in community and its influencing factors,and to provide reference for enhancing self-prevention consciousness of patients and reducing the incidence.Methods From May to August 2023,228 elderly stroke patients from 3 communities in Fenyang City,Shanxi Province were selected by the convenience sampling method.A survey was conducted using the Community Elderly Falls Risk Perception Scale,the Type D Personality Scale-14 (DS14),and the Family APGAR Index (APGAR).Results The total scores of fall risk perception,DS14 and APGAR were (40.31±8.99),(20.99±7.01) and (4.91±1.50),respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the perceived score of fall risk among elderly stroke patients with different levels of education,number of chronic diseases and history of falls (all P＜0.001).The total score of fall risk perception was negatively correlated with the total score of DS14 (r=-0.724,P＜0.01),and positively correlated with the total score of APGAR (r=0.782,P＜0.01).DS14 total score,APGAR total score,fall history and number of chronic diseases were the main influencing factors of fall risk perception in elderly stroke patients in community (all P＜0.05).Conclusion The perception of fall risk in elderly stroke patients in community is lower than medium level.Community health care personnel should focus on patients with type D personality,low degree of family care,history of fall,and high number of chronic diseases,so as to take targeted measures for reducing the incidence of fall.

R473.74

吕梁市科技计划项目（2020zdsys）；山西省汾阳学院科研课题（2022C26）