目的 了解中国老年人居家养老意愿现状，探讨其影响因素。方法 采用多阶段抽样方法选取2022年6-8月全国3827例老年人为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、感知社会支持量表、患者健康问卷抑郁量表、广泛型焦虑障碍量表、衰弱量表、世界卫生组织幸福感指数量表、孤独量表对其进行调查。结果 我国老年人居家养老意愿评分为77（59，92）分，补贴情况、地区、住房面积、抑郁状况、焦虑状况、兄弟姐妹数量、子女数量、负债情况、房产数、邻里关系、住房面积、社会支持、衰弱、宗教信仰均是老年人居家养老意愿的影响因素（均P＜0.05）。结论 老年人居家养老意愿较高，受邻里关系、社会支持等多种因素影响；因此，政府及医护人员应从相关影响因素入手，提高老年人居家养老的生活质量，有效推进积极老龄化。

Objective To understand the status quo of home-based pension among the elderly in China and explore its influencing factors.Methods A total of 3,827 elderly people were selected from June to August in 2022 with multiphase sampling methods,and surveyed with a general information questionnaire,Perceived Social Support Scale,Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale,Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale,Frailty Scale,World Health Organization Well-being Index,and Loneliness Scale.Results The score of home-based pension intentions among the elderly in China was 77(59,92).Subsidy status,region,housing area,depression status,anxiety status,number of siblings,number of children,debt status,number of properties,neighborhood relations,social support,frailty,and religious belief were all influencing factors for the home-based pension intentions of the elderly (all P＜0.05).Conclusions The elderly have a relatively high intention for home-based pension,which is influenced by various factors such as neighborhood relations and social support.The government and medical staff should seek to improve their quality of life and effectively promote active aging.

R473.2

国家自然科学基金面上项目(72274023)；四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202110634024）