目的 深入了解精神分裂症诊治延误患者就医经历及内心体验，为制定针对性干预策略提供依据。 方法 采取现象学研究方法，以目的抽样选取黑龙江省某三级甲等精神专科医院12名精神分裂症诊治延误患者进行半结构式访谈，使用Colaizzi 7步分析法对访谈资料进行分析和提炼。 结果 精神分裂症诊治延误患者的就医体验共提炼出4个主题，包括疾病认知不足、就医信息缺乏、就医体验不佳以及家庭和工作牵绊。 结论 精神分裂症诊治延误患者在就医过程中常存在众多障碍和多重需求，未来相关部门和医护人员应重视患者及医疗方面的问题并开展针对性干预，以改善患者就医体验，促使其及时就医。

Objective To understand the medical experiences of schizophrenia patients with delayed diagnosis and treatment, which can expand knowledge to help developing targeted intervention strategies. Methods A phenomenological research was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to select 12 patients with delayed diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia in a tertiary A psychiatric hospital in Heilongjiang Province，and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The interview data were analyzed and extracted by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method. Results The experiences of care-seeking by schizophrenia patients with delayed diagnosis and treatment could be categorized into 4 themes: lack of awareness of the disease，lack of medical information，poor medical experience，and family and work constraints. Conclusions Schizophrenia patients with delayed diagnosis and treatment often have many obstacles and multiple needs in the process of seeking medical treatment. In the future，relevant departments and medical staff should pay attention to patients’ medical problems and carry out targeted intervention to improve patients’ medical experience and prompt them to seek medical treatment in time.

R473.74

国家自然科学基金面上项目（72074063）