目的 调查儿科护士心理脱离与职业倦怠现状，探讨共情能力对两者的中介作用。 方法 采用便利抽样法选取杭州市某儿童专科医院300名护士为研究对象，使用心理脱离量表、杰斐逊量表(the Jefferson scale of empathy-health，JSE-HP)中文版、职业倦怠量表（Maslach burnout inventory-general survey，MBI-GS）中文版对其进行问卷调查。 结果 儿科护士共情能力、心理脱离、职业倦怠得分分别为115（104,124）分、10（9,12）分、34（27,43）分。心理脱离与职业倦怠呈负相关（r=-0.32，P＜0.01），与共情能力呈正相关（r=0.38，P＜0.01）；职业倦怠与共情能力呈负相关（r=-0.47，P＜0.01）。共情能力在儿科护士心理脱离和职业倦怠间的中介效应为-0.88（95%CI：-1.32~-0.49），占总效应的39.22%。 结论 共情能力在儿科护士心理脱离和职业倦怠间起部分中介作用，管理者应积极开展以影响职业倦怠路径为依据的干预策略，以达到减轻护士职业倦怠的目的。

Objective To investigate the current situation of psychological detachment and occupational burnout among pediatric nurses,and explore the mediating effect of empathy on them. Methods Adopting the cluster random sampling method,300 nurses from a children’s hospital in Hangzhou were selected,and questionnaires were administered using the Psychological Disengagement Scale,the Chinese version of Jefferson Scale(JSE-HP),and the Chinese version of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS).SPSS 22.0 and the Process macro program were used for statistical analysis. Results The scores of empathy,psychological disengagement,and burnout among pediatric nurses were 115(104,124),10(9,12),and 34(27,43),respectively.Psychological disengagement is negatively correlated with job burnout and positively correlated with empathy(r=-0.32,r=0.38,P＜0.01);there is a negative correlation between job burnout and empathy(r=-0.47,P＜0.01).The mediating effect of empathy between psychological disengagement and occupational burnout among pediatric nurses was-0.88(95%CI:-1.32-0.49),accounting for 39.22 % of the total effect. Conclusions Empathy plays a partial mediating role between psychological disengagement and occupational burnout among pediatric nurses.Managers should actively implement intervention strategies based on the pathways that affect occupational burnout,in order to reduce nurses’ occupational burnout.

R471

杭州市医药卫生科技项目（OO20191141）；浙江省卫生健康科技计划（2022KY271）