目的 探讨不孕症患者的社交回避及苦恼现状并分析其影响因素，旨在为其制订有效的干预措施提供理论依据。 方法 2021年9-12月，采用便利抽样法选取在兰州市某三级甲等综合医院生殖医学中心行体外受精-胚胎移植 (in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)的不孕症患者345例为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、社交回避及苦恼量表、不孕症病耻感量表、自尊量表、心理弹性量表对其进行横断面调查。 结果 345例不孕症患者的社交回避及苦恼、病耻感、自尊、心理弹性得分分别为（13.97±5.45)分、（71.87±17.02)分、（26.93±4.44）分、（58.08±12.49）分。不同居住地、文化程度、职业、家庭人均月收入、与丈夫的关系、来自他人的压力的不孕症患者其社交回避及苦恼得分差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）；文化程度、病耻感、自尊是不孕症患者社交回避及苦恼的影响因素（均P＜0.05）。 结论 不孕症患者社交回避及苦恼处于中等水平。医护人员应该引导患者进行自我接纳，提高其自尊水平和社交积极性，改善其社交回避及苦恼水平。

Objective To explore the status quo of social avoidance and distress in patients with infertility and its influencing factors,and to provide theoretical basis for formulating effective intervention measures. Methods From September to December 2021,345 infertility patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in the Reproductive Medicine Center of a tertiary A general hospital in Lanzhou were selected as subjects by convenient sampling method.General data questionnaire，social avoidance and distress scale,infertility stigma scale,self-esteem scale,psychological resilience scale were used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. Results The scores of social avoidance and distress,stigma,self-esteem and mental resilience of 345 infertility patients were(13.97±5.45) points,(71.87±17.02) points,(26.93±4.44) points and (58.08±12.49) points,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in social avoidance and distress scores among infertility patients with different places of residence，educational level,occupation,per capita monthly family income,relationship with husband and pressure from others(all P＜0.05).Education level,stigma and self-esteem were influencing factors of social avoidance and distress in infertile patients(all P＜0.05). Conclusions Infertility patients had moderate levels of social avoidance and distress.Medical staff should guide patients to accept themselves,improve their self-esteem and social initiative,and improve their social avoidance and distress level.

R473.71

甘肃省科技厅省青年科技基金（20JR5RA348）