目的 探讨失能老人的家庭弹性与心理弹性在照顾者照顾能力与老人抑郁情绪之间的中介作用，以期为居家失能老人抑郁机制研究和干预措施提供依据。 方法 2021年7月至2022年3月，采用便利抽样法选取上海、安徽、甘肃三地的16个社区中居家失能老人及其照顾者（213对）为研究对象，采用一般资料问卷、家属照顾者照顾能力测量表（family caregiver task inventory-25，FCTI-25）、Walsh家庭弹性问卷中文版(Walsh family resilience questionnaire-C，WFRQ-C)、心理弹性量表（10-item Connor-Davidson resilience scale,CD-RISC-10）、患者健康问卷（patient health questionnaire-2，PHQ-2）对其调查。 结果 家属照顾者FCTI-25平均评分为5（10，14）分，老年人WFRQ-C、CD-RISC-10及PHQ-2平均得分为98（87，107）分、（24.55±7.21）分和2（1，3）分。居家失能老人PHQ-2得分与照顾者FCTI-25得分呈正相关，与WFRQ-C、CD-RISC-10得分呈负相关（均P＜0.01）。照顾者照顾能力对老人抑郁情绪的直接效应较大，占总效应的65.7%，并通过其家庭弹性和心理弹性发挥一定间接效应，占总效应的34.3%。 结论 增强照顾者照顾能力可促进失能老人心理健康，同时也可从增强失能老人的家庭弹性和心理弹性的角度，来探索今后居家失能老人抑郁的干预方案。

Objective To explore the mediating effects of family resilience and psychological resilience on caregivers’ caring ability and depression of the elderly,and to provide the basis for the study of depression mechanism and intervention measures for the disabled elderly at home. Methods From July 2021 to March 2022,convenience sampling method was adopted to select 16 communities in Shanghai,Anhui and Gansu as the research objects,including the disabled elderly at home and their caregivers(213 pairs).The family caregiver task inventory-25(FCTI-25),Walsh family resilience questionnaire-C(WFRQ-C),10-item Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC-10）and patient health questionnaire-2(PHQ-2) were used for investigation. Results The mean FCTI-25 scores of caregivers were 5(10,14) points,and the mean WFRQ-C,CD-RISC-10 and PHQ-2 scores of the elderly were 98(87,107) points,(24.55±7.21) points and 2(1,3) points.The score of PHQ-2 was positively correlated with the score of FCTI-25,and negatively correlated with the score of WFRQ-C and CD-RISC-10(all P＜0.01).Caregivers’ caregiving ability has a large direct effect on depression of the elderly,accounting for 65.7% of the total effect,and exerts a certain indirect effect through family and psychological resilience,accounting for 34.3% of the total effect. Conclusions Enhancing the caregiver’s caring ability can promote the psychological health of the disabled elderly.At the same time, from the perspective of enhancing the family resilience and psychological resilience of the disabled elderly,the future intervention programs can be explored.

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国家社会科学基金（20CSH016），上海市扬帆计划（20YF1401900），复旦大学护理双一流学科发展项目（FNSYL202008）