目的 利用潜在类别分析法探讨脑卒中患者配偶照顾者抑郁症状潜在类别并分析其影响因素。 方法 便利抽样法选取河南省某三级医院神经内科390名脑卒中患者配偶照顾者为研究对象，使用一般资料调查表、改良版Rankin量表、知觉压力量表、脑卒中照顾者获益感问卷和病人健康问卷-9对其进行调查。利用潜在类别分析对配偶照顾者的抑郁症状进行分类，采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析各因素对不同类别的影响。 结果 配偶照顾者抑郁症状可分为：睡眠障碍型（31.0%）、情绪-躯体抑郁型（12.8%）和抑郁低风险型（56.2%）。无序多分类Logistic回归结果显示，配偶照顾者的文化程度、感知压力和照顾者获益感是抑郁症状潜在类别的预测因素（均P＜0.05）。 结论 脑卒中患者配偶照顾者的抑郁症状存在3个潜在类别。临床医护人员应根据不同潜在类别配偶照顾者的抑郁特征及其影响因素制订针对性的干预措施，以改善其抑郁症状。

Objective Latent class analysis(LCA) was used to explore the latent classes of depressive symptoms in spouse caregivers of stroke patients and analyze the influencing factors. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 390 couple of stroke patients in the Neurology Department of a tertiary A hospital in Henan province.General information questionnaire,modified rankin scale,perceived stress scale,stroke caregiver perception of benefit questionnaire,and patient health questionnaire-9 were used for a survey.Depressive symptoms of spouse caregivers were classified using LCA and the effect of each factor on the different latent classes was analyzed using multinomial Logistic regression. Results Depressive symptoms of spouse caregivers were divided into sleep disorder(31.0%),emotional-physiological depression(12.8%),and low risk of depression(56.2%).The disordered multiple Logistic regression results showed that spouse caregiver’s education level,perceived stress,and benefit findings were predictors of latent classes of depressive symptoms(all P＜0.05). Conclusions There are three latent classes of depressive symptoms in spouse caregivers of stroke patients.Doctors and nurses should develop targeted interventions to alleviate spouse caregivers’ depressive symptoms based on different classes and their influencing factors.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（72004205）；中国博士后基金面上项目（2019M652589）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目（21A320068）