目的 了解高龄患者衰弱分级现状，探讨衰弱在高龄患者营养与认知功能间的中介作用，为改善老年人认知提供参考。 方法 2020年1月至2021年1月，采用便利抽样法选取在某院老年病科住院的245例患者为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、简易精神状态评定量表(mini-mental state examination，MMSE)、简易微型营养评估量表(mini-nutritional assessment short-form，MNA-SF)、临床衰弱水平量表（clinical frailty scale，CFS）对其进行调查。 结果 高龄患者衰弱期和衰弱前期的发生率分别为18.84%和71.3%，认知功能、营养总分分别为（21.04±4.25）、（11.69±2.67）分；营养与认知功能呈正相关（r=0.353,P=0.01），与衰弱呈负相关（r=-0.490,P=0.000），衰弱与认知功能呈负相关（r=-0.423,P=0.002）；衰弱是高龄患者营养与认知功能的中介变量，中介效应占总效应量的41.5%。 结论 高龄患者衰弱发生率较高，衰弱在高龄患者营养与认知功能间起中介作用。医护人员应根据老年患者的临床特点， 向其提供个性化干预措施，加强营养支持，改善认知，延缓衰老，提高老年患者的生存质量。

Objective To investigate the frailty grade and explore the mediating effect of frailty between nutrition and cognitive function among elderly patients，so as to provide references for improving the cognitive function of the elderly. Methods Convenient sampling was used to select 245 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Gerontology of a hospital from January，2020 to January，2021.The general information questionnaire，MMSE，MNA-SF，and CFS were used for investigation. Results The incidence of frailty and early-stage frailty among elderly patients were 18.84% and 71.3%.The total scores of cognitive function and nutrition were (21.04±4.25) and (11.69±2.67).Nutrition was positively correlated with cognitive function (r=0.353，P=0.01)，and negatively correlated with frailty (r=-0.490，P=0.000).A significant negative correlation was reported between frailty and cognitive function (r=-0.423，P=0.002).Frailty was revealed as a mediating variable between nutrition and cognitive function among elderly patients，with the mediating effect accounting for 41.5% of the total effect. Conclusions The incidence of frailty among elderly patients is high.Frailty plays a mediating role between nutrition and cognitive function among elderly patients.Medical staff should provide individualized interventions for elderly patients according to their clinical characteristics，such as strengthening nutritional support，improving cognitive function，and alleviating frailty，so as to improve their quality of life.

R473.59

浙江省中医药科技计划项目（2023ZL537）